Gnuplot
http://www.gnuplot.info/figs/title2.png
Gnuplot is a portable command-line driven utility for function plotting for many platforms.
To make the examples on this page work, you need a modified binary of Gnuplot (see below).
Contents
Minimal Example
\usemodule[gnuplot] % write a script for gnuplot \startGNUPLOTscript[sin] plot sin(x) \stopGNUPLOTscript % include the resulting graphic into the document \useGNUPLOTgraphic[sin]
Calling gnuplot to create the graphic and postprocessing should happen automatically.
Requirements
- recent version of ConTeXt and texmfstart in your PATH
- Gnuplot module (on MikTeX it's part of the distribution already, but there is still an old version and you need to delete
tex/context/base/m-gnuplot.tex
) - Gnuplot has to be installed (and in your PATH)
- On most Linux installations this is probably already the case. On Windows you have to create a file
gnuplot.bat
with something like:
"C:\Program Files\gnuplot\bin\wgnupl32.exe" %*
- and put that file to a "visible place" (has to be found in PATH).
To use the ConTeXt terminal (recommended)
- for Windows, you can take these binaries from Modules in the garden
- for Linux or Mac you have to download the source from http://www.gnuplot.info, copy context.trm to
term/
, add#include "context.trm"
tosrc/term.h
and compile it. - write18 has to be enabled
Feel free to contact me in case of problems.
More complex example
(I need to change this example to highlight other aspects. Metapost is kind-of-obsolete since ConTeXt terminal was derived from it and produces superior results. But the example below should still be valid.)
\usemodule[gnuplot] \setupGNUPLOT[terminal=mp,option=color] % general settings for the whole document \startGNUPLOTinclusions # you may use TeX commands to format the titles and axes set title '\bf Trigonometry' set xlabel '$x$' set ylabel '$y$' # to prevent uneven numbering: will result in # (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, ...) instead of # (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, ...) set format y '\%.1f' \stopGNUPLOTinclusions \startGNUPLOTscript[tan] plot tan(x) t '$\tan(x)$' \stopGNUPLOTscript \startGNUPLOTscript[sin] plot 4*sin(x)+x t '$4\sin(x)+x$', x t '$x$' lt 3 \stopGNUPLOTscript \useGNUPLOTgraphic[tan] \useGNUPLOTgraphic[sin][width=10cm]
Using other terminals
(Needs a revision.)
Gnuplot support output in different formats with, for example
set terminal mp color solid
will output a metapost document with colors and without dashed lines. After some appropriate preprocessing (with MPtoDF for this particular case) this file can be included in PDF documents.
You can specify the terminal with
\setupGNUPLOT[terminal=mp,options=color solid]
terminal=
is mandatory since that't the only way to tell ConTeXt how to preprocess the file.options=
is optional and is appended to the end ofset terminal [terminal name]
. You can also override it by saying
\startGNUPLOTinclusions set terminal mp color solid \stopGNUPLOTinclusions
But you have to be careful that you don't set any other terminal with output=
then.
Currently supported terminals are:
- mp/metapost: uses MPtoPDF to convert images to pdf, but the context terminal should replace it
- ps/postscript: most advanced in the number of supported features
- png: outputs bitmap images (no preprocessing needed)
- pdf: outputs PDF directly (no preprocessing needed), but is usually not available in most binaries of gnuplot
- context:
Development
- darcs repository (maintained by Renaud Aubin; currently I'm unable to login, so it's not up to date)
- mailing list
History
I (Mojca Miklavec) probably mentioned long time ago that I would like to have (or write?) support for Gnuplot inside ConTeXt, but I had no knowledge to do that. Peter Münster posted the very first module for gnuplut support on the mailing list [1], but that version only worked with bash. In the days to follow Hans Hagen has written a new module (based on my numerous "possible and impossible" requests) and Taco additionally provided some bugfixes and minor changes.
The module provides an option to select the most appropriate/suitable driver according to the user's choice (metapost, png, pdf, postscript were the firs ones to be supported). Hans was wondering why there was no context terminal. I took over it's development, the code is almost finished by now, but I guess that Hans now regrets that question already.
He had to invest quite some time into fixing buggy inclusion of text into graphics using textext
(if nothing else, he had to read and reply to all the mails [complaints] that me and Taco sent him), just to lead to the conclusion that textext
was useless for graphics produced by Gnuplot: too slow and TeX ran out of memory after 10 minutes while processing approximately the 13th plot. After that the new marvellous \sometxt
command was born.
I'm currently sticking tiny pieces together in the way I want the module to work. Hans could probably finish the same work that costs me a few days in a few minutes, but after dropping me a bone, he decided to leave me the joy of diving into ConTeXt internals and to let me figure out how to program in ConTeXt by myself. So I still keep spamming the mailing list with numerous questions and both Taco and Hans - without whom implementing the module would be impossible - keep answering.
Alternatives for Function Plotting
- in MetaPost
- m-graph Module (see Drawing Graphs with MetaPost by John D. Hobby)
- functions in MetaFun, see metafun-s.pdf, section 9.3
- others
- PyX - graph drawing through python interface with TeX typesetting & PostScript capabilities
- Tioga - creating figures and plots using Ruby, PDF, and TeX
- mfpic - a scheme for producing pictures from LaTeX commands. The LaTeX commands generate a input file to be processed by Metapost.
- matplotlib - a Matlab-inspired Python based plotting tool which incorporates many features, including the use of TeX in labels, titles etc.
Other links
- exceltex - an interesting LaTeX package to get data from Excel into LaTeX