{{Color navbox}} ConTeXt supports several color models: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGB_color_model RGB] (typically used for screen display),[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMYK_color_model CMYK] (typically used for printing) as well as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_and_HSV HSV/HSL] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HWB_color_model HWB]. There is also support for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spot_color spot colors] (typically used for offset printing) and transparencies. = Before you start ... = 1. It’s usually bad style to use explicit color switches in the text. It’s better to define a semantic command that takes care of the color switching. For example, instead of using <code>\color[red]{important text}</code>, define<texcode>\definehighlight[important][color=red]</texcode>and then use <code>\important{important text}</code> in the text. 2. Colors are not enabled by default in MkII. To enable colors in MkII, use<texcode>\setupcolors[state=start]</texcode> 3. To disable colors in a document, use<texcode>\setupcolors[state=stop]</texcode> = Basic Usage = To color text, use <texcode>\color[defined-color]{ ... text ... }</texcode> or <texcode>\startcolor[defined-color] ... text ... \stopcolor</texcode> where <code>defined-color</code> is a color defined using {{cmd|definecolor}}. For example, <code>red</code> is one of the predefined colors. So, we can use: {| ! width="45%"| ! width="10%"| ! width="45%"| |- | <texcode>Three \color[red]{cool} cats</texcode>||<context mode=mkiv>\starttextThree \color[red]{cool} cats\stoptext</context>|} or {| ! width="45%"| ! width="10%"| ! width="45%"| |- | <texcode>\starttext\startcolor[red]\input tufte\stopcolor\stoptext</texcode>||<context mode=mkiv>\setuppapersize[A5]\starttext\startcolor[red]\input tufte\stopcolor\stoptext</context>|} It is also possible to use RGB or CMYK or hex values to color text. The syntax for these is<texcode>\colored[settings]{... text ...}</texcode>where <code>settings</code> are the same settings as used by {{cmd|definecolor}}. For example: {| ! width="45%"| ! width="10%"| ! width="45%"| |- | <texcode>Three \colored[r=0.1, g=0.8, b=0.8]{colorful} cats</texcode>||<context mode=mkiv>\starttextThree \colored[r=0.1, g=0.8, b=0.8]{colorful} cats\stoptext</context>|} '''Note'''. There is no need to use the color commands directly. Almost all ConTeXt commands accept a <code>color</code> key, and you can use <code>color=defined-color</code>. For example, * To color the section titles red, use<texcode>\setuphead[color=red]</texcode> * To color the footnotes red, use<texcode>\setupfootnotes[color=red]</texcode> etc. = Pre-defined colors = == Default pre-defined colors == The following colors are pre-defined in ConTeXt (see {{src|colo-imp-rgb.mkiv}}). {| style="text-align: right; padding-right: 20px;"!| Name !! Color !style="width: 80px;"| Name !! Color !style="width: 100px;"| Name !! Color !style="width: 100px;"| Name !! Color|-|black||bgcolor="#000"| |white||bgcolor="#FFF"| |-|gray||bgcolor="#E6E6E6"| |lightgray||bgcolor="#D6D6D6"| |middlegray||bgcolor="#B9B9B9"| |darkgray||bgcolor="#999999"| |- |red||bgcolor="#FF0000"| |lightred||bgcolor="#FF0000"| |middlered||bgcolor="#CC0000"| |darkred||bgcolor="#990000"| |-|green||bgcolor="#00FF00"| |lightgreen||bgcolor="#00FF00"| |middlegreen||bgcolor="#00CC00"| |darkgreen||bgcolor="#009900"| |-|blue||bgcolor="#0000FF"| |lightblue||bgcolor="#0000FF"| |middleblue||bgcolor="#0000CC"| |darkblue||bgcolor="#000099"| |-|cyan||bgcolor="#00FFFF" | | ||bgcolor=| |middlecyan||bgcolor="#00CCCC" | |darkcyan||bgcolor="#006666" | |-|magenta||bgcolor="#FF00FF" | | ||bgcolor=| |middlemagenta||bgcolor="CC00CC" | |darkmagenta||bgcolor="660066" | |-|yellow||bgcolor="#FFFF00" | | ||bgcolor=| |middleyellow||bgcolor="CCCC00" | |darkyellow||bgcolor="666600" | |} == X11 Colors == In addition to the above basic color, ConTeXt also includes a definition of the [http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-css3-color-20020219/#x11-color X11 colors]. To load this list ({{src|colo-imp-xwi.mkiv}}), use <texcode>\usecolors[xwi]</texcode> This loads the following additional colors: {| style="text-align: right; padding-right: 20px;"!| Name !! Color !style="width: 80px;"| Name !! Color !style="width: 100px;"| Name !! Color !style="width: 100px;"| Name !! Color|-|-|aliceblue||bgcolor="#EFF7FF"| |antiquewhite||bgcolor="#F9EAD6"| |aquamarine||bgcolor="#7FFFD3"| |azure||bgcolor="#EFFFFF"| |-|beige||bgcolor="#F4F4DB"| |bisque||bgcolor="#FFE2C4"| |black||bgcolor="#000000"| |blanchedalmond||bgcolor="#FFEACC"| |-|blue||bgcolor="#0000FF"| |blueviolet||bgcolor="#892BE2"| |brown||bgcolor="#A52828"| |burlywood||bgcolor="#DDB787"| |-|cadetblue||bgcolor="#5E9EA0"| |chartreuse||bgcolor="#7FFF00"| |chocolate||bgcolor="#D1681E"| |coral||bgcolor="#FF7F4F"| |-|cornflowerblue||bgcolor="#6393ED"| |cornsilk||bgcolor="#FFF7DB"| |cyan||bgcolor="#00FFFF"| |darkgoldenrod||bgcolor="#B7870A"| |-|darkgreen||bgcolor="#006300"| |darkkhaki||bgcolor="#BCB76B"| |darkolivegreen||bgcolor="#546B2D"| |darkorange||bgcolor="#FF8C00"| |-|darkorchid||bgcolor="#9933CC"| |darksalmon||bgcolor="#E8967A"| |darkseagreen||bgcolor="#8EBC8E"| |darkslateblue||bgcolor="#473D8C"| |-|darkturquoise||bgcolor="#00CED1"| |darkviolet||bgcolor="#9300D3"| |deeppink||bgcolor="#FF1493"| |deepskyblue||bgcolor="#00BFFF"| |-|dodgerblue||bgcolor="#1E8EFF"| |firebrick||bgcolor="#B22121"| |floralwhite||bgcolor="#FFF9EF"| |forestgreen||bgcolor="#218C21"| |-|gainsboro||bgcolor="#DBDBDB"| |ghostwhite||bgcolor="#F7F7FF"| |gold||bgcolor="#FFD600"| |goldenrod||bgcolor="#D8A521"| |-|green||bgcolor="#00FF00"| |greenyellow||bgcolor="#ADFF2D"| |honeydew||bgcolor="#EFFFEF"| |hotpink||bgcolor="#FF68B5"| |-|indianred||bgcolor="#CC5B5B"| |ivory||bgcolor="#FFFFEF"| |khaki||bgcolor="#EFE58C"| |lavender||bgcolor="#E5E5F9"| |-|lavenderblush||bgcolor="#FFEFF4"| |lawngreen||bgcolor="#7CFC00"| |lemonchiffon||bgcolor="#FFF9CC"| |lightblue||bgcolor="#ADD8E5"| |-|lightcoral||bgcolor="#EF7F7F"| |lightcyan||bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| |lightgoldenrod||bgcolor="#EDDD82"| |lightgoldenrodyellow||bgcolor="#F9F9D1"| |-|lightpink||bgcolor="#FFB5C1"| |lightsalmon||bgcolor="#FFA07A"| |lightseagreen||bgcolor="#21B2AA"| |lightskyblue||bgcolor="#87CEF9"| |-|lightslateblue||bgcolor="#8470FF"| |lightsteelblue||bgcolor="#AFC4DD"| |lightyellow||bgcolor="#FFFFE0"| |limegreen||bgcolor="#33CC33"| |-|linen||bgcolor="#F9EFE5"| |magenta||bgcolor="#FF00FF"| |maroon||bgcolor="#AF3060"| |mediumaquamarine||bgcolor="#66CCAA"| |-|mediumblue||bgcolor="#0000CC"| |mediumorchid||bgcolor="#BA54D3"| |mediumpurple||bgcolor="#9370DB"| |mediumseagreen||bgcolor="#3DB270"| |-|mediumslateblue||bgcolor="#7A68ED"| |mediumspringgreen||bgcolor="#00F999"| |mediumturquoise||bgcolor="#47D1CC"| |mediumvioletred||bgcolor="#C61484"| |-|midnightblue||bgcolor="#191970"| |mintcream||bgcolor="#F4FFF9"| |mistyrose||bgcolor="#FFE2E0"| |moccasin||bgcolor="#FFE2B5"| |-|navajowhite||bgcolor="#FFDDAD"| |navy||bgcolor="#00007F"| |navyblue||bgcolor="#00007F"| |oldlace||bgcolor="#FCF4E5"| |-|olivedrab||bgcolor="#6B8E23"| |orange||bgcolor="#FFA500"| |orangered||bgcolor="#FF4400"| |orchid||bgcolor="#D870D6"| |-|palegoldenrod||bgcolor="#EDE8AA"| |palegreen||bgcolor="#99F999"| |paleturquoise||bgcolor="#AFEDED"| |palevioletred||bgcolor="#DB7093"| |-|papayawhip||bgcolor="#FFEFD6"| |peachpuff||bgcolor="#FFD8BA"| |peru||bgcolor="#CC843F"| |pink||bgcolor="#FFBFCC"| |-|plum||bgcolor="#DDA0DD"| |powderblue||bgcolor="#AFE0E5"| |purple||bgcolor="#A021EF"| |red ||bgcolor="#FF0000"| |-|rosybrown||bgcolor="#BC8E8E"| |royalblue||bgcolor="#3F68E0"| |saddlebrown||bgcolor="#8C4411"| |salmon||bgcolor="#F97F72"| |-|sandybrown||bgcolor="#F4A360"| |seagreen||bgcolor="#2D8C56"| |seashell||bgcolor="#FFF4ED"| |sienna||bgcolor="#A0512D"| |-|skyblue||bgcolor="#87CEEA"| |slateblue||bgcolor="#6B59CC"| |snow||bgcolor="#FFF9F9"| |springgreen||bgcolor="#00FF7F"| |-|steelblue||bgcolor="#4482B5"| |tan ||bgcolor="#D1B58C"| |thistle||bgcolor="#D8BFD8"| |tomato||bgcolor="#FF6347"| |-|turquoise||bgcolor="#3FE0D1"| |violet||bgcolor="#REDIRECT ED82ED"| |violetred||bgcolor="#D1218E"| |wheat||bgcolor="#F4DDB2"| |-|white||bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| |whitesmoke||bgcolor="#F4F4F4"| |yellow||bgcolor="#FFFF00"| |yellowgreen||bgcolor="#99CC33"| |} == Additional pre-defined colors == In addition to the above, there are two other sets of pre-defined colors. {| class="wikitable"| x11 || <code>\usecolors[x11]</code>| {{src|colo-imp-x11.mkiv}}| 658 extended Xorg color keywords (WWW), defined in hex RGB|-| crayola || <code>\usecolors[crayola] </code> | {{src|colo-imp-crayola.mkiv}} || 235 Crayola (Binney & Smith) colors|-| ema || <code>\usecolors[ema]</code>| {{src|colo-imp-ema.mkiv}} || 549 Emacs colors|-| RAL || <code>\usecolors[ral]</code>| {{src|colo-imp-ral.mkiv}} || 213 RAL color system (Deutsches Institut für Gütesicherung und Kennzeichnung)|-| Solarized || <code>\usecolors[solarized]</code>| {{src|colo-imp-solarized.mkiv}} || 16 solarized colors |} = Defining New Colors= New colors may be defined in the following ways {| class="wikitable"! Name !! Syntax (and Example) !! Explanation|-| style="width:20%;" | RGB color model| style="width:40%;" | <texcode>\definecolor[...][r=..., g=..., b=...]</texcode> For example,<texcode>\definecolor[lime][r=0.75, g=1, b=0] This is \color[lime]{a new color}that we defined</texcode>| The values for <code>r</code>, <code>g</code>, and <code>b</code> are floating point number between <code>0</code> and <code>1</code>. |-| CMYK color model| <texcode>\definecolor[...][c=.., m=.., y=.., k=..]</texcode> For example,<texcode>\definecolor[lime][c=0.25, m=0, y=1, k=0] This is \color[lime]{a new color}that we defined</texcode>| The values for <code>c</code>, <code>m</code>, <code>y</code> and <code>k</code> are floating point number between <code>0</code> and <code>1</code>. |-| HSV/HSL color model|<texcode>\definecolor[...][h=.., s=.., v=..]</texcode> For example,<texcode>\definecolor[lime][h=75, s=1, v=1] This is \color[lime]{a new color}that we defined</texcode>| The value for <code>h</code> (hue) is between <code>0</code> and <code>360</code>; the values for <code>s</code> (saturation), <code>v</code> (value/brightness) are floating point numbers between <code>0</code> and <code>1</code>. |-| HWB color model|<texcode>\definecolor[...][h=.., w=.., b=..]</texcode> For example,<texcode>\definecolor[something][h=75, w=0.5, b=.1] This is \color[something]{a new color}that we defined</texcode>| The value for <code>h</code> (hue) is between <code>0</code> and <code>360</code>; the values for <code>w</code> (whiteness), <code>b</code> (blackness) are floating point numbers between <code>0</code> and <code>1</code>. This mostly unknown color model is also used in CSS3/SVG.|-| Hex| <texcode>\definecolor[...][x=...]</texcode> For example,<texcode>\definecolor[lime][x=BFFF00] This is \color[lime]{a new color}that we defined</texcode>| The value for <code>x</code> is a three-byte hexadecimal number where the bytes represent the red, green, and blue values. This follows the HTML and CSS style of defining colors.|-|Gray scale|<texcode>\definecolor[...][s=...]</texcode> For example,<texcode>\definecolor[screen][s=0.5] This is \color[screen]{a new color}that we defined</texcode>| The value for <code>s</code> is a floating point number between <code>0</code> and <code>1</code>, representing the grayness value (1 represents white, 0 represents black).|} == Cloning existing colors == You can ''clone'' an existing color using<texcode>\definecolor[new-color][old-color]</texcode> For example{|| width="45%"| <texcode>\usecolors[xwi]\definecolor[highlight][yellow]\defineframed [important] [location=low, frame=off, background=color, backgroundcolor=highlight] This is a \important{important}word. \definecolor[highlight][lavenderblush]This is a \important{important}word.</texcode>| width="10%"|| width="45%"| <context mode=mkiv>\usecolors[xwi]\definecolor[highlight][yellow]\defineframed[important][location=low, frame=off, background=color, backgroundcolor=highlight] This is a \important{important}word. \definecolor[highlight][lavenderblush]This is a \important{important}word.</context>|} == Adapting existing colors == {{todo | add details about this}} = Advanced Usage = == Changing color of entire document == To change the main text color of the document use <texcode>\setupcolors[textcolor=defined-color]</texcode> For example, {| ! width="45%"| ! width="10%"| ! width="45%"||-|<texcode>\setupcolors[textcolor=blue]\starttexttext\stoptext</texcode>||<context mode=mkiv>\setupcolors[textcolor=blue]\starttexttext\stoptext</context>|} == Changing background color of page == The background color of the page can be changed using<texcode>\setupbackgrounds[page][background=color,backgroundcolor=defined-color]</texcode> For example,{| ! width="45%"| ! width="10%"| ! width="45%"| |- | <texcode>\setuppapersize[A10]\setupbackgrounds[page][background=color,backgroundcolor=blue] \starttexttext\stoptext</texcode>||<context>\setuppapersize[A10]\setupcolors[state=start] \setupbackgrounds[page][background=color,backgroundcolor=blue] \starttexttext\stoptext</context>|} == Using colors in MetaPost == A color defined in TeX is available in MetaPost using `\MPcolor{...}`. For example: {||-|<texcode>\definecolor[highlight][r=0.8,g=0.8,b=0]\starttext\color[highlight]{Highlighted text in TeX} \startMPcodelabel("Highlighted text in MetaPost", origin) withcolor \MPcolor{highlight};\stopMPcode</texcode>|<context mode=mkiv>\definecolor[highlight][r=0.8,g=0.8,b=0]\starttext\color[highlight]{Highlighted text in TeX} \startMPcodelabel("Highlighted text in MetaPost", origin) withcolor \MPcolor{highlight};\stopMPcode</context>|} Note that `\MPcolor{...}` behaves similar to a `color` primitive in MetaPost. For example, the following is valid MetaPost code.<texcode>color myColor; myColor = 0.5[\MPcolor{highlight}, white];</texcode> == Using colors in TikZ == = Viewing pre-defined color = == View all defined colors == To view pre-defined colors, you can use {{cmd|showcolor}}. For example, to see all the colors defined in {{src|colo-imp-x11.mkiv}}, use (output truncated for display here ...) {| |-|<texcode>\showcolor[x11]</texcode>|<context mode=mkiv>\startTEXpage[height=5cm]\showcolor[x11]\stopTEXpage</context>|} If you use {{cmd|showcolor}} without any argument, all currently defined colors are shown. == View specific defined colors == To view the components of a defined color, you can use: * {{cmd|showcolorcomponents}}<texcode>\showcolorcomponents[color-1, color-2]</texcode> For example, {| |-|<texcode>\showcolorcomponents[red,middlered,darkred]</texcode>|<context mode=mkiv>\showcolorcomponents[red,middlered,darkred]</context>|} * {{cmd|colorcomponents}}* {{cmd|transparencycomponents}}* {{cmd|processcolorcomponents}}<texcode>\colorcompoents{defined-color}\tranparencycomponents{defined-color}\processcolorcomponents{defined-color}</texcode> For example,{||-|<texcode>\startlines\colorcomponents{red}\transparencycomponents{red}\processcolorcomponents{red}\stoplines</texcode>|<context mode=mkiv>\startlines\colorcomponents{red}\transparencycomponents{red}\processcolorcomponents{red}\stoplines</context>|} = Testing if color is defined = To test if a color is defined, use * {{cmd|doifcolor}}* {{cmd|doifcolorelse}} Usage: <texcode>\doifcolor{color-name}{... if branch ... }\doifcolorelse{color-name}{... if branch ...}{... else branch ...}</texcode> = Specialized topics = * [[Color/Palet|Color Palettes]]* [[Color/Transparency|Transparency]] * [[Color/Spot_Colors|Spot Colors]] = References = * [http://paletton.com Paletton] - Website to choose color palettes* [http://colorbrewer2.org/ ColorBrewer]- website to choose colors for maps and graphics. * Tina Sutton, Bride M Whelan: The Complete Color Harmony. Rockport Publishers (2004). ISBN 978-1592530311 (recommanded in the mailing list) {{Getting started navbox}}