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MetaPost is a graphical programming language, based on Donald Knuth's MetaFont. Normally MP graphics are converted to PostScript and used with dvips, but ConTeXt can use it directly with PDF (see \startuseMPgraphic{name}[http://www.pragma-ade.com/general/sources/mptopdf.pdf MPtoPDF]). fill fullcircle scaled 20pt withcolor \mycolor;\stopuseMPgraphic
MetaPost is ConTeXt's "native" graphics mode, see [[MetaFun]].red: \useMPgraphic{name}
== ==\def\mycolor{.625blue}Besides MetaFun there are some more extensions to MetaPostblue:\useMPgraphic{name}* [[MetaType1]], see [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/utilities/metatype1</ CTAN]context>
=== Different Packages, Extensions & Applications of Metapost ===
'''Packages for === 3D support'''===
* [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/metapost/mpman.pdf A User's Manual for MetaPost] <!-There is some strange cropping going on on the Wiki- http://cmimplementation.bell-labsOf course the left frame is in reality equal to the right frame.com/who/hobby/cstr_162.pdf has its pages reversed -->* [http://remote.science.uva.nl/~heck/Courses/mptut.pdf Learning METAPOST by doing] ([http://maps.aanhet.net/maps/pdf/32_14.pdf this] and [http://maps.aanhet.net/maps/pdf/32_15.pdf this link] are not working)* [[manual:metafun-s.pdf|MetaFun]]
Added Hans, the provider of the solution to the problem with textext...
< [[Math]], [[MetaFun]], [[Graphics]]
MetaPost is a graphical programming language, based on Donald Knuth's MetaFont. Normally MP graphics are converted to PostScript and used with dvips, but ConTeXt can use it directly with PDF (see the[http://www.pragma-ade.com/general/sources/mptopdf.pdf MP to PDF] manual). MetaPost is ConTeXt's native graphics language. [[MetaFun]] is a MetaPost module by Hans Hagen that adds a lot of extra features; it is enabled by default, so one could say that MetaFun is ConTeXt's default dialect of MetaPost. == Documentation & Tutorials ==* John Hobby[http://www.tug.org/docs/metapost/mpman.pdf A User's page: Manual for MetaPost] <!-- http://cm.bell-labs.com/who/hobby/MetaPostcstr_162.htmlpdf has its pages reversed -->* Current development[http://remote.science.uva.nl/~heck/Courses/mptut.pdf Learning METAPOST by doing] ([http://maps.aanhet.net/maps/pdf/32_14.pdf this] and [http: //maps.aanhet.net/maps/pdf/32_15.pdf this link] are not working)* [http://sarovarwww.tug.org/projectspracjourn/2006-4/henderson/henderson.pdf A Beginner's Guide to METAPOST for Creating High-Quality Graphics] by Troy Henderson* [[manual:metafun-s.pdf|MetaFun]]* [http://tex.loria.fr/prod-graph/zoonekynd/metapost/metapost.html Lots of examples]* [[Color in MetaPost]] describes how to get color mixtures, TeX colors, and transparent effects in MetaPost graphics.* [http://wiki.contextgarden.net/MetaPost_in_ConTeXt MetaPost in ConTeXt] == Using MetaPost in ConTeXt == With {{cmd|startuseMPgraphic}}, you define a piece of graphics code that is processed anew every time the graphic is placed with {{cmd|useMPgraphic}}. Further commands are described at [[MetaPost in ConTeXt]]. <context source=yes>\def\mycolor{.625red}
* [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/metaplot/ MetaPlot] - graph drawing
* [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/metaobj/ MetaObj] - object-oriented drawing, see also the page about [[MetaObj and Labels]]
* [http://stud4.tuwien.ac.at/~e0225855/finomaton/finomaton.html finomaton] - drawing finite state automata
* [http://www-math.univ-poitiers.fr/~phan/statsmac.html statsmac] - metapost macros for statistics graphs
* [http://metauml.sourceforge.net/ MetaUML] - MetaPost library for typesetting UML diagrams
* [http://vigna.dsi.unimi.it/metagraph/ METAGRAPH] - drawing (un)directed graphs
* [http://matagalatlante.org/nobre/featpost/doc/featexamples.html FeatPost]
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/3dldf/LDF.html 3DLDF]
* [http://www-math.univ-poitiers.fr/~phan/m3Dplain.html m3D]
{{todo|needs major review}}
== Documentation MetaPost relatives ===== Font Creation ===* [[MetaType1]], see [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/utilities/metatype1/ CTAN] === 3D drawing ===* [http://asymptote.sourceforge.net/ Asymptote] - inspired by MetaPost & Tutorials fully generalizes MetaPost path construction algorithms to three-dimensions == Testing plain MetaPost ==To test whether MetaPost is installed on your system, create a file called {{code|test.mp}}: beginfig(1) draw fullcircle scaled 3cm ; endfig ; end ; * apply MetaPost on the testfile mp test.mp or mpost test.mp * that should create a postscript file test.1* open test.1 with a postscript viewer like Ghostview, Okular, … You should see a circle. == Testing MetaPost embedded in ConTeXt == If MetaPost is installed on your system and working correctly, you can \starttext \startMPcode draw fullcircle scaled 3cm; \stopMPcode \stoptext * for mkii you need to have write18 support enabled and run texexec --pdf test.tex * for mkiv run context test.tex * that should create a pdf file test.pdf* open test.pdf with a pdf viewer like Adobe Acrobat, Okular... You should see a circle. == Text in MetaPost == Text that is typeset using `textext` or `btex … etex` adapts to the body font. However, when `label("Foo", pair)` or `"Foo" infont defaultfont` is used, which is not the recommended way, the text is typeset using the font `MetafunDefault`, which can be changed if desired. Example: <context mode="mkiv" source="yes" text="Gives:">\starttext \startMPcode label("Foo", origin); draw textext("Bar") yshifted -LineHeight; \stopMPcode \definefontsynonym [MetafunDefault] [Bold*default] \switchtobodyfont [pagella, 18pt] \startMPcode label("Foo", origin); draw textext("Foo") yshifted -LineHeight; \stopMPcode\stoptext</context> The recommended way to typeset text is to use the `textext` macro and change the font using {{cmd |setupMPinstance}}. == Repetition of a Text Element to Fill a Bar Using textext == Imagine you want to create a frame which consists out of one glyph or a combination of different glyphs in order to make a decorative border. For this purpose a series of such elements should be placed on the bar as pictures, evenly spaced. Probably you want to have at the end of the bar a different glyph inserted as a picture too. The following code is working but the last picture is not the expected glyph. One would expect 14 times the "?" and at the end of the bar a "*": <context mode="mkiv" source="yes" text="Gives:">\starttext \startMPpage picture PicA ; PicA := textext("*"); picture PicB ; PicB := textext("?"); numeric Step ; Step := 2cm div bbwidth(PicB) ; for i = 1 upto Step : draw PicB shifted (i*5mm,0) ; endfor ; draw PicA ; \stopMPpage\stoptext</context> What you get is 15 "?" but no "*"! In order to get this corrected one needs to calculate the boundingbox of the "?" on beforehand. Hans Hagen provided this solution on 14-10-2014. <context mode="mkiv" source="yes" text="Gives:">\starttext \startMPcalculation path PicX ; PicX := boundingbox textext("?") ; \stopMPcalculation \startMPpage picture PicA ; PicA := textext("*"); picture PicB ; PicB := textext("?"); numeric Step ; Step := 2cm div bbwidth(PicX) ; % numeric Step ; Step := 2cm div bbwidth(PicB) ; for i = 1 upto Step : draw PicB shifted (i*5mm,0) ; endfor ; draw PicA ; \stopMPpage\stoptext </context> Now you get 14 "?" and the "*". === A Full Example === <context mode="mkiv" source="yes" text="Gives:">\setupbodyfont[8pt] \defineoverlay[Myframe][\reuseMPgraphic{Frame}] \setuppapersize[A8][A8] \setuplayout [topspace=5mm, backspace=5mm, height=middle, width=middle, header=0pt, footer=0pt] \starttext % ======== Definition of the frame in Metafun ==========\startMPcalculation path PicX ; PicX := boundingbox textext("= : =") ;\stopMPcalculation \startreusableMPgraphic{Frame} numeric u,v,xshift,yshift,picwidth,remnant,nelements; u := OverlayWidth; v := OverlayHeight; path p,w; p := unitsquare xscaled u yscaled v; w := fullcircle scaled 8pt; picture Edgepic,Linepic[]; color edgedotcolor,linelementcolorA; edgedotcolor := blue; linelementcolorA := red; Linepic[1] := textext("\rotate[rotation=90]{= : =}"); Linepic[2] := textext("= : ="); Edgepic := textext("o"); %Calculations for the horizontal frame-element placement: % In order to make this work, the width of the line element needs to be calculated on beforehand. % path PicX; PicX := textext(")("); picwidth := bbwidth(PicX); nelements := u div picwidth; remnant := u mod picwidth; xshift := picwidth + remnant/nelements; Linepic[3] := Linepic[2] shifted (0.5*picwidth,0); for a = llcorner p, ulcorner p : for i = 1 upto nelements : draw Linepic[3] shifted ((xpart a + (i-1)*xshift),ypart a) withcolor linelementcolorA; endfor; endfor; %Calculations for the vertical frame-element placement: picheight := bbwidth(PicX); nelements := v div picheight; remnant := v mod picheight; yshift := picheight + remnant/nelements; Linepic[4]:= Linepic[1] shifted (0,0.5*picheight); for a = llcorner p, lrcorner p : for i = 1 upto nelements: draw Linepic[4] shifted (xpart a,ypart a + (i-1)*yshift) withcolor linelementcolorA; endfor; endfor; for i = llcorner p, lrcorner p,ulcorner p,urcorner p : fill w shifted (xpart i,ypart i) withcolor white; draw Edgepic shifted (xpart i,ypart i) withcolor edgedotcolor; endfor; % For frame-element positioning checking:% draw p;%\stopreusableMPgraphic % ========== \startframedtext [width=0.8\textwidth,height=0.8\textheight,frame=off,background=Myframe, align={middle,lohi}] The butterfly counts not months but moments, and has time enough. \blank {\tfx Rabindranath Tagore}\stopframedtext\stoptext </context>
There is one important remark: The MPcalculation and the drawing itself must be inside \starttext ... \stoptext.
== Other Links ==
* Metapost home page: http://tug.org/metapost
* John Hobby's page: http://cm.bell-labs.com/who/hobby/MetaPost.html
* Current development: http://foundry.supelec.fr/projects/metapost/
* http://melusine.eu.org/syracuse/metapost/
[[Category:Graphics]]
[[Category:Metapost]]
