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< [[Math]]__TOC__MetaPost is a graphical programming language, [[MetaFun]]based on Donald Knuth's MetaFont. Normally MP graphics are converted to PostScript and used with dvips, but ConTeXt can use it directly with PDF (see the[[Graphics]http://www.pragma-ade.com/general/sources/mptopdf.pdf MP to PDF]manual).
MetaPost is ConTeXt's "native" graphics mode, see [[MetaFun]]. == Documentation & Tutorials ==
* create test.tex containing this:If MetaPost is installed on your system and working correctly, you can
texexec --pdf test.tex
context test.tex
* [http for i = 1 upto Step ://stud4.tuwien.ac.at/~e0225855/finomaton/finomaton.html finomaton] - drawing finite state automata draw PicB shifted (i* [http://www-math.univ-poitiers.fr/~phan/statsmac.html statsmac] - metapost macros for statistics graphs5mm,0) ; endfor ; draw PicA ; \stopMPpage* [http://metauml.sourceforge.net/ MetaUML] - MetaPost library for typesetting UML diagrams\stoptext
=== 3D support ===* [http:<//matagalatlante.org/nobre/featpost/doc/featexamples.html FeatPost]* [http://www.gnu.org/software/3dldf/LDF.html 3DLDF]* [http://www-math.univ-poitiers.fr/~phan/m3Dplain.html m3D]context>
{{todo|needs major review}}Now you get 14 "?" and the "*".
== Using MP in ConTeXt ==The first way is a usable graphic. Such a graphic is calculated anew each time it is used. An example:\defineoverlay[Myframe][\reuseMPgraphic{Frame}]
<texcode>\startuseMPgraphic{name} fill fullcircle scaled 5cm withcolor red;\stopuseMPgraphicsetuppapersize[A8][A8]
As said, this graphic is calculated each time it is placed, which can be time consuming. Apart from the time aspect, this also means that the graphic itself is incorporated many times. Therefore, for graphics that don’t change, CONTEXT provides reusable graphics:\starttext
<texcode>% ======== Definition of the frame in Metafun ==========\startMPcalculation path PicX ; PicX := boundingbox textext("= : =") ;\stopMPcalculation \startreusableMPgraphic{nameFrame} fill fullcircle scaled 200pt withcolor .625yellow numeric u,v,xshift,yshift,picwidth,remnant,nelements;\stopreusableMPgraphic
\reuseMPgraphic{name} u := OverlayWidth;</texcode> v := OverlayHeight; path p,w; p := unitsquare xscaled u yscaled v; w := fullcircle scaled 8pt; picture Edgepic,Linepic[]; color edgedotcolor,linelementcolorA; edgedotcolor := blue; linelementcolorA := red;
When reusing a graphic is not so important and you just want Linepic[1] := textext("\rotate[rotation=90]{= : =}"); Linepic[2] := textext("= : ="); Edgepic := textext("o"); %Calculations for the horizontal frame-element placement: % In order to include something inlinemake this work, you can also use the followingwidth of the line element needs to be calculated on beforehand. % path PicX; PicX := textext(")("); picwidth := bbwidth(PicX); nelements := u div picwidth; remnant := u mod picwidth; xshift := picwidth + remnant/nelements;
<texcode>\startMPcode fill fullcircle scaled 200pt withcolor Linepic[3] := Linepic[2] shifted (0.625yellow5*picwidth,0);\stopMPcode</texcode>
See also section for a = llcorner p, ulcorner p : for i = 1 upto nelements : draw Linepic[3.3 of ] shifted ((xpart a + (i-1)*xshift),ypart a) withcolor linelementcolorA; endfor; endfor; %Calculations for the vertical frame-element placement: picheight := bbwidth(PicX); nelements := v div picheight; remnant := v mod picheight; yshift := picheight + remnant/nelements; Linepic[4]:= Linepic[manual1] shifted (0,0.5*picheight); for a = llcorner p, lrcorner p : for i = 1 upto nelements:metafun draw Linepic[4] shifted (xpart a,ypart a + (i-s.pdf|MetaFun manual]].1)*yshift) withcolor linelementcolorA; endfor; endfor;
{{todo|Enable support for Metapost code when running ConTeXt online. This will allow easy creation of Metapost examples, including both source code and resulted figure.}}% For frame-element positioning checking:% draw p;%\stopreusableMPgraphic
Currently, running online Metapost code, like this example, does not return anything.% ==========
<pre>
<context source="yes" text="produces">
\startMPcode
fill fullcircle scaled 200pt withcolor .625yellow;
\stopMPcode
</pre>
=There is one important remark: The MPcalculation and the drawing itself must be inside \starttext ... \stoptext. = Other Links ==
→Documentation & Tutorials: delete link to deleted wiki page
MetaPost is a graphical programming language, based on Donald KnuthConTeXt's MetaFontnative graphics language. Normally MP graphics are converted to PostScript and used with dvips, but ConTeXt can use it directly with PDF (see [http://www.pragma[MetaFun -ade.com/general/sources/mptopdf.pdf MPtoPDFMetaPost in ConTeXt]])is a MetaPost module by Hans Hagen that adds a lot of extra features; it is enabled by default, so one could say that MetaFun is ConTeXt's default dialect of MetaPost.
* [http://www.tug.org/docs/metapost/mpman.pdf A User's Manual for MetaPost] <!-- http://cm.bell-labs.com/who/hobby/cstr_162.pdf has its pages reversed -->
* [http://remote.science.uva.nl/~heck/Courses/mptut.pdf Learning METAPOST by doing] ([http://maps.aanhet.net/maps/pdf/32_14.pdf this] and [http://maps.aanhet.net/maps/pdf/32_15.pdf this link] are not working)
* [[manual:metafun-s.pdf|MetaFun]]
* [http://tex.loria.fr/prod-graph/zoonekynd/metapost/metapost.html Lots of examples]
* [[Color in MetaPost]] describes how to get color mixtures, TeX colors, and transparent effects in MetaPost graphics.
= Using MetaPost in ConTeXt =
With {{cmd|startuseMPgraphic}}, you define a piece of graphics code that is processed anew every time the graphic is placed with {{cmd|useMPgraphic}}. Further commands are described at [[MetaFun - MetaPost in ConTeXt]].
<context source=yes>
\def\mycolor{.625red}
\startuseMPgraphic{name}
fill fullcircle scaled 20pt withcolor \mycolor;
\stopuseMPgraphic
red: \useMPgraphic{name}
\def\mycolor{.625blue}
blue: \useMPgraphic{name}
</context>
== Troubleshooting plain MetaPost =Different Packages, Extensions & Applications of Metapost =* Test if MetaPost is installed on your system[http://www. ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/metaplot/ MetaPlot] - graph drawing* create test[http://www.mp containing this:ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/metaobj/ MetaObj] - object-oriented drawing, see also the page about [[MetaObj and Labels]]
* [http://stud4.tuwien.ac.at/~e0225855/finomaton/finomaton.html finomaton] - drawing finite state automata* [http://www-math.univ-poitiers.fr/~phan/statsmac.html statsmac] - metapost macros for statistics graphs* [http://metauml.sourceforge.net/ MetaUML] - MetaPost library for typesetting UML diagrams* [http://vigna.dsi.unimi.it/metagraph/ METAGRAPH] - drawing (un)directed graphs == 3D support ==* [http://matagalatlante.org/nobre/featpost/doc/featexamples.html FeatPost]* [http://www.gnu.org/software/3dldf/LDF.html 3DLDF]* [http://www-math.univ-poitiers.fr/~phan/m3Dplain.html m3D] {{todo|needs major review}} = MetaPost relatives === Font Creation ==* [[MetaType1]], see [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/utilities/metatype1/ CTAN] == 3D drawing ==* [http://asymptote.sourceforge.net/ Asymptote] - inspired by MetaPost & fully generalizes MetaPost path construction algorithms to three-dimensions = Testing plain MetaPost =To test whether MetaPost is installed on your system, create a file called {{code|test.mp}}: beginfig(1) draw fullcircle scaled 3cm ; endfig ; end ;
* apply MetaPost on the testfile
* that should create a postscript file test.1
* open test.1 with a postscript viewer like ghostviewGhostview, okular ... Okular, … You should see a circle.
== Troubleshooting Testing MetaPost embedded in ConTeXt ==
\starttext \startMPcode draw fullcircle scaled 3cm ; \stopMPcode \stoptext
* for mkii you need to have write18 support enabled and run
* for mkiv run
* that should create a pdf file test.pdf
* open test.pdf with a pdf viewer like acroreadAdobe Acrobat, okularOkular... You should see a circle. = Text in MetaPost = Text that is typeset using `textext` or `btex … etex` adapts to the body font. However, when `label("Foo", pair)` or `"Foo" infont defaultfont` is used, which is not the recommended way, the text is typeset using the font `MetafunDefault`, which can be changed if desired. Example: <context mode="mkiv" source="yes" text="Gives:">\starttext \startMPcode label("Foo", origin); draw textext("Bar") yshifted -LineHeight; \stopMPcode \definefontsynonym [MetafunDefault] [Bold*default] \switchtobodyfont [pagella, 18pt] \startMPcode label("Foo", origin); draw textext("Foo") yshifted -LineHeight; \stopMPcode\stoptext</context> The recommended way to typeset text is to use the `textext` macro and change the font using {{cmd |setupMPinstance}}. = Repetition of a Text Element to Fill a Bar Using textext = Imagine you want to create a frame which consists out of one glyph or a combination of different glyphs in order to make a decorative border. For this purpose a series of such elements should be placed on the bar as pictures, evenly spaced. Probably you want to have at the end of the bar a different glyph inserted as a picture too. The following code is working but the last picture is not the expected glyph. One would expect 14 times the "?" and at the end of the bar a "*": <context mode="mkiv" source="yes" text="Gives:">\starttext \startMPpage picture PicA ; PicA := textext("*"); picture PicB ; PicB := textext("?"); numeric Step ; Step := 2cm div bbwidth(PicB) ; for i = 1 upto Step : draw PicB shifted (i*5mm,0) ; endfor ; draw PicA ; \stopMPpage\stoptext</context> What you get is 15 "?" but no "*"! In order to get this corrected one needs to calculate the boundingbox of the "?" on beforehand. Hans Hagen provided this solution on 14-10-2014. <context mode="mkiv" source="yes" text="Gives:">\starttext \startMPcalculation path PicX ; PicX := boundingbox textext("?") ; \stopMPcalculation \startMPpage picture PicA ; PicA := textext("*"); picture PicB ; PicB := textext("?");
numeric Step ; Step :== Different Packages, Extensions & Applications of Metapost ==2cm div bbwidth(PicX) ;* [http % numeric Step ; Step ://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/metaplot/ MetaPlot] - graph drawing* [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/graphics/metapost/contrib/macros/metaobj/ MetaObj]= 2cm div bbwidth(PicB) ;
== MetaPost relatives A Full Example ===== Font Creation ===* [[MetaType1]], see [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/utilities/metatype1/ CTAN]
<context mode="mkiv" source="yes" text= 3D drawing ==="Gives:">* \setupbodyfont [http://asymptote.sourceforge.net/ Asymptote8pt] - inspired by MetaPost & fully generalizes MetaPost path construction algorithms to three-dimensions
\useMPgraphic{name}setuplayout</texcode> [topspace=5mm, backspace=5mm, height=middle, width=middle, header=0pt, footer=0pt]
for i === Examples ===llcorner p, lrcorner p,ulcorner p,urcorner p : fill w shifted (xpart i,ypart i) withcolor white; draw Edgepic shifted (xpart i,ypart i) withcolor edgedotcolor; endfor;
\startframedtext
[width=0.8\textwidth,height=0.8\textheight,frame=off,background=Myframe, align={middle,lohi}]
The butterfly counts not months but moments, and has time enough.
\blank
{\tfx Rabindranath Tagore}
\stopframedtext
\stoptext
</context>
* Metapost home page: http://tug.org/metapost
