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< [[Visuals]] | [[Layers]] | [[Columns]] | [[Visual Debugging]] >__TOC__
== Location This page focuses on '''Basics of Areas ==page design and layout'''. It will allow you to continue on [[#Further reading|further topics]] like [[Presentations|Presentations layout]], [[Visual_Debugging|Visual debugging]], [[Floating Objects]], [[Columns]], [[Layers]], [[Grid typesetting]], [[PDF Boxes]]. But first, one needs to understand the basics of page layout by ConTeXt.
You can use these design = Typesetting areas in your page:=
<table> <tr style="background:#ccccff;"> <td style="background:#ffffff;"></td> <td style="text-align:center;"><tt>The 25 typesetting areas of a ConTeXt page are divided into 5 columns and 5 rows. From left to right, one encounters {{code|leftedge</tt> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:15%;"><tt>}}, {{code|leftmargin</tt> </td> <td style="}}, {{code|text-align:center;width:50%;"><tt>width</tt> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:15%;"><tt>}}, {{code|rightmargin</tt> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">}}, and {{code|rightedge </td> </tr> <tr style="background}}. From top to bottom, the areas are called:#cccccc;"> <td style="background:#ccccff;"><tt>{{code|top</tt></td> <td style="text-align:center;">. </td> <td style="text-align:center;">. </td> <td style="text-align:center;">↑ topspace ↓</td> <td style="text-align:center;">. </td> <td style="text-align:center;">. </td> </tr> <tr style="background:#cccccc;"> <td style="background:#ccccff;"><tt>}}, {{code|header</tt></td> <td style="}}, {{code|text-align:center;">}}, {{code|footer}}, {{code|bottom}}. </td> <td style="text-align:center;">E. </td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#DDDDDD;">HEADER<br />↑ headerheight ↓</td> <td style="text-align:center;">g. </td> <td style="{{code|leftmargin}} is the margin area to the left of the main text-align:center;">. </td> </tr> <tr style="background:#cccccc;"> <td style="background:#ccccff;"><tt>textheight</tt></td> <td style="text-align:center;">←leftedgewidth→</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#DDDDDD;">MARGINALS<br />←leftmarginwidth→</td> <td style="text-align:centerarea;{{code|{leftmargin,bottom}|}} is below it, at the same height:20em;background:#EEEEEE;">TEXT<br />←textwidth→<br />×<br />↑ textheight ↓</td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#DDDDDD;">MARGINALS<br />←rightmarginwidth→</td> <td style="text-align:center;">←rightedgewidth→</td> </tr> <tr style="background:#cccccc;"> <td style="background:#ccccff;"><tt>footer</tt></td> <td style="text-align:center;">. </td> <td style="text-align:center;">. </td> <td style="text-align:center;background:#DDDDDD;">FOOTER<br />↑ footerheight ↓</td> <td style="text-align:center;">. </td> <td style="text-align:center;">. </td> </tr> <tr style="background:#cccccc;"> <td style="background:#ccccff;"><tt>as the {{code|bottom</tt></td> <td style="text-align:center;">}} area. </td> <td style="text-align:center;">. </td> <td style="text-align:center;">↑ bottomspace ↓</td> <td style="text-align:center;">. </td> <td style="text-align:center;">In between the two lies the area {{code|{leftmargin,footer}|}}. </td> </tr></table>
The names in the column and row headers are the keywords for <cmd>setuplayout</cmd>, the words inside of the table are given to clarify ConTeXT terminology[[Image:layout. There are also keywords suffixed by "distance" to set the distancebetween each svg||||Diagram of the areas, e.g. <tt>leftedgedistance</tt>, <tt>leftmargindistance</tt> (from the named area to the inner). \setuplayout[] dimensions]]
<tt>height</tt> is normally used instead of <tt>textheight</tt>, it is = Defining the sum of <tt>footer + footerdistance + textheight + headerdistance + header</tt>layout =
The size of Positioning the margins does not affect areas is by setting the size following dimensions using {{cmd|setuplayout|2=[backspace=5cm,...]}}. The dimensions are mentioned in order of the text areahow ‘primitive’ they are: e.g. Control altering the size of the text area with backspace, {{code|topspace}} pushes around all other vertical dimensions, height but altering the {{code|header}} affects only the {{code|headerdistance}} and widththe {{code|textheight}}.
<table>
<tr style="background:#cccccc;vertical-align=top;"><th>Parameter</th><th>Variable</th><th>Remarks</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>paperheight</td>
<td><cmd>paperheight</cmd></td>
<td>height of paper page</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>paperwidth</td>
<td><cmd>paperwidth</cmd></td>
<td>width of paper page</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>printpaperheight</td>
<td><cmd>printpaperheight</cmd></td>
<td>differs from paperheight when using [[Imposition]] (arranging)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>printpaperwidth</td>
<td><cmd>printpaperwidth</cmd></td>
<td>differs from paperwidth when using [[Imposition]] (arranging)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>topspace</td>
<td><cmd>topspace</cmd></td>
<td>above header: from top rim of paper to to top rim of header</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>backspace</td>
<td><cmd>backspace</cmd></td>
<td>from left rim of paper to left rim of main text area</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>height</td>
<td><cmd>makeupheight</cmd></td>
<td>sum of heights of text area, header and footer (plus distances)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>width</td>
<td><cmd>makeupwidth</cmd></td>
<td>width of the main text area. <cmd>makeupwidth</cmd> is normally same as <cmd>textwidth</cmd>, but it can be different, for example in columns</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>top</td>
<td><cmd>topheight</cmd></td>
<td>height of the top area</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>topdistance</td>
<td><cmd>topdistance</cmd></td>
<td>between top and header</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>header</td>
<td><cmd>headerheight</cmd></td>
<td>height of header area</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>headerdistance</td>
<td><cmd>headerdistance</cmd></td>
<td>between header and text</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>textheight</td>
<td><cmd>textheight</cmd></td>
<td>height of text area</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>footerdistance</td>
<td><cmd>footerdistance</cmd></td>
<td>between text and footer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>footer</td>
<td><cmd>footerheight</cmd></td>
<td>height of footer area</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bottomdistance</td>
<td><cmd>bottomdistance</cmd></td>
<td>between footer and bottom</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bottom</td>
<td><cmd>bottomheight</cmd></td>
<td>space below footer (but isn't calculated automatically)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bottomspace</td>
<td><cmd>bottomspace</cmd></td>
<td>space from bottom footer to bottom rim of paper</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cutspace</td>
<td><cmd>cutspace</cmd></td>
<td>from right rim of paper to right rim of main text area</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>leftedge</td>
<td><cmd>leftedgewidth</cmd></td>
<td>from left rim of paper to left rim of left margin</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>leftedgedistance</td>
<td><cmd>leftedgedistance</cmd></td>
<td>between leftegde and left margin</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>leftmargin</td>
<td><cmd>leftmarginwidth</cmd></td>
<td>width of left margin (marginals space)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>leftmargindistance</td>
<td><cmd>leftmargindistance</cmd></td>
<td>between left margin and text</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>textwidth</td>
<td><cmd>textwidth</cmd></td>
<td>width of text area. when columns are used, the value of <cmd>textwidth</cmd> can differ from <cmd>makeupwidth</cmd></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rightmargindistance</td>
<td><cmd>rightmargindistance</cmd></td>
<td>between text area and right margin</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rightmargin</td>
<td><cmd>rightmarginwidth</cmd></td>
<td>width of right margin (marginals area)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rightedgedistance</td>
<td><cmd>rightedgedistance</cmd></td>
<td>between right margin and right edge</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rightedge</td>
<td><cmd>rightedgewidth</cmd></td>
<td>from right margin to right rim of paper</td>
</tr>
</table>
</code>
== Setup ==
You define always a right page; if you use a double page layout 'right' and 'left' values are mirrored on a left page.
<texcode>
\setuppapersize[A4][A4] % this is default and may be omitted
\setuplayout[backspace=20mm,
width=160mm,
topspace=20mm, top=0mm,
header=0mm, footer=0mm,
height=250mm]
</texcode>
You can make all the geometry information visible with <cmd>showlayout</cmd> and the [[Visual Debugging|related commands]].
See <cmd>setuplayout</cmd> and <cmd>setuppapersize</cmd> in the manual.
If you need an unusual paper size, use <cmd>definepapersize</cmd> and have a look at our list of [[PaperSizes|paper sizes]].
For ConTeXt users in the United States, use
<texcode>
\setuppapersize[letter][letter]
</texcode>
for standard U.S Letter-sized paper (8.5"x11.0")
== Keep ==
If you have a certain run of text that you want to keep together, you can test for the number of lines available on the current page with \testpage[n] where n is the number of lines required. If there are not n lines available, a page break will be inserted at the location of the testpage command.
== Multiple layouts ==
If you need to use different layouts in some parts of the document, you can set up a global layout for the overall and then define additional named layouts for the deviating parts. These settings go into the setup area of your document.
<texcode>
\setuplayout[key=value,key=value,...] %global layout
\definelayout[wide][key=value,key=value,...] %different layout called 'wide'
\definelayout[short][key=value,key=value,...]%different layout called 'short'
</texcode>
That takes care of the global layout. When you want to switch to a different layout, you just call it up in the appropriate place in the document:
<texcode>
\setuplayout[wide] % switches to layout called 'wide'
</texcode>
'''Note.''' Use reset to revert back to the global layout:
<texcode>
\setuplayout[reset] % reverts to the global layout
''This text is based on at [http://archive.contextgarden.net/message/20080926.111520.9db86904.en.html a thread on the mailing list], answers and examples are given there by Hans and Wolfgang.''= Further reading =
== Hints ==
By using * '''[[Presentations]]''': specifics requirements, specific pages (widgets, multimedia, ...)* [[Documentation|Manuals about layout]], and noticeably:** The basics with '''[http://context.aanhet.net/svn/contextman/context-reference/en/co-pagedesign.pdf Page design & Layout chapter]''' from the reference manual (2011)** The more advance '''[http://www.pragma-ade.nl/general/manuals/details.pdf It's in the Details]''' manual (2015), including grid typesetting.* '''[[Visual Debugging#Layout|Visual Debugging]]''': can greatly facilitate the set up of your layout.* After the layout, we can usually focus on the following subjects:** '''[[Floating Objects]]'''** '''[[Columns]]'''** '''[[Layers]]''', for absolute positioning of objects on the page, background, foreground etc.)** '''[[Grid typesetting]]''' (working with fixed distances)** '''[[Delimiter]]''', master line break and page break** '''[[Hiding Content]]'''* About PDF format** [[PDF Boxes]]: the size of PDF pages can have different meanings – e.g. the visible page, the printed page, the cropped printed page. ConTeXt can define the set of boxes defined by the PDF standard** [[PDF Print Options]]** [[Viewer Layers]] PDF has a concept of layers that you can also place elements enable and disable (at specific placesleast in a few viewers). This has nothing to do with ConTeXt’s [[Layers]].** [[PDF/A]], ConTeXt can create PDF/A compliant outputs** [[PDFX]], ConTeXt can create PDF/X compliant outputs, as done in the ISO standard.* For layout from a [[Formatting Objects|XML/FO]] perspective, with some descriptive pictures, see At [http://getfo.sourceforge.net/context_xml/index.html Paul Tremblay's] [[BusinessCardXML]] exampleConTeXt site.
At [http://getfo.sourceforge.net/context_xml/index.html Paul Tremblay's] [[XML]] ConTeXt site, there's a lot about layout from a [[Formatting Objects|XML/FO]] perspective with some descriptive pictures.
{{Todo|Unfortunately it's not that easy to define a layout. We need more documentation about which parameters define which length, what influences what else etc.}}[[Category:Layout]]
Text replacement - "pragma-ade.com" to "pragma-ade.nl"
The graphic below illustrates the areas and dimensions. The row and column names are written
along the edges of the page. The arrows correspond to layout dimensions; the
more important a dimension is (i.e. the more of the layout is pushed around
when you change it), the thicker its arrow and the larger its name.
When you define a page layout, it's always a right page that you're defining; if you use a double page layout, 'right' and 'left' values are mirrored on a left page. Doublesided typesetting is activated with {{cmd|setuppagenumbering|2=[alternative=doublesided]}}. # Set the {{code|backspace}} and {{code|width}}, and the {{code|topspace}} and {{code|height}}. The {{code|width}} is the width of the main typesetting area; the {{code|backspace}} is its distance from the left edge of the page. The {{code|height}} is the distance ''from the top of the header to the bottom of the footer''; the {{code|topspace}} is the distance from the top edge of the page to the top of the header.# Set the {{code|header}} and {{code|headerdistance}}, and the {{code|footer}} and {{code|footerdistance}}. The {{code|header}} is the vertical size of the header area; the {{code|headerdistance}} is the distance from the header area to the text area. The {{code|footer}} and {{code|footerdistance}} work likewise.# Once the header(distance) and footer(distance) are subtracted from the {{code|height}}, what remains is the {{code|textheight}}: the height of the main typesetting area. Although it would be very useful, you cannot set this dimension directly.# If you want to typeset anything above the header, define {{code|topdistance}} (the distance from the top of the header to the bottom of the topmost typesetting area) and {{code|top}} (the height of the topmost typesetting area). For typesetting below the footer, define {{code|bottomdistance}} and {{code|bottom}}.# As for the horizontal dimensions apart from the {{code|width}}: starting at the left edge of the main text area, and moving away from the center, one first sets the {{code|leftmargindistance}}; then one sets the width {{code|leftmargin}} of the margin typesetting area; then one sets the {{code|leftedgedistance}}; and then there is the {{code|leftedge}} typesetting area. On the right: {{code|rightmargindistance}}, {{code|rightmargin}}, {{code|rightedgedistance}}, {{code|rightedge}}. = Paper size = See the dedicated page [[PaperSetup|Paper setup]], it includes details on:* {{cmd|setuppapersize}}, to set the page size and paper size* {{cmd|definepapersize}}, to define a new paper size,* the [[PaperSetup#Predefined_Paper_Sizes|many paper sizes already defined by name]]. Their actual dimensions in mm are given by [[Paper sizes]] page.* [[PaperSetup#Changing paper setup mid-document|Changing paper setup mid-document]]* [[PaperSetup#Setting print size|Setting print size]]* [[PaperSetup#Fitting pages to their content|Fitting pages to their content]] = Example layout = <texcode>\setuppapersize[A4][A4] % this is the default and may be omitted\setuplayout[backspace=20mm, width=160mm, topspace=20mm, header=0mm, footer=0mm, height=250mm]</texcode> == Let's gather examples here == ; Cover pages: [[Cover Pages]] (2013, 2019); Other: [[Example photo page layout]] (2010) = [[Imposition]] = Imposition is a prepress printing process. It consists of the arrangement of the printed product’s pages on the printer’s sheet, in order to obtain faster printing, simplify binding and reduce paper waste ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imposition wikipedia]). We built a dedicated page about '''[[Imposition]]''', because making booklets, to arrange pages in proper order for printing it's a topic in itself. This is where you will use {{cmd|setuppaper}} and {{cmd|setuparranging}}. = Multiple layouts = If you need to use different layouts in some parts of the document, you can set up a global layout, and then define additional named layouts for the deviating parts. You only need to specify the dimensions that differ: unspecified dimensions will be inherited from the global layout. To switch to a different layout, call it up in the appropriate place in the document. To revert back to the global layout, use {{cmd|setuplayout|2=[reset]}}. <texcode>\setuplayout[...] % global layout\definelayout[wide][...] % layout of the first page \setuplayout[wide] % switch to layout called 'wide'\setuplayout[reset] % switch back to the global layout</texcode> To specify in advance that you want to change layouts starting from page 4 (e.g.), use {{cmd|definelayout|2=[4][...]}}. Resetting the layout must be done explicitly; else, the new layout will be used until the end of the document. <texcode>% different layout for first two pages\definelayout[1][wide]\definelayout[3][reset]</texcode> For the page numbers you can use absolute numbers (as above), relative numbers (like +1, -2) or the keywords odd, even, first and last. <texcode>\setuplayout[ % default layout (right page)...]\definelayout[even][ % different layout on left pages...]</texcode> If you define additional layouts in a doublepage (duplex) setup, remember to think mirrored: leftmargin defines the right margin, backspace is the distance from the spine to the right edge of the text area etc. .<div style="border: 3px solid red; background: #ffcccc; padding: 0.4em;"><div style="font-size: 1.3em; fontweight: bold">Warning!</div>At the moment a layoutchange (setuplayout) inside a page is not proper working in mkiv duplex mode.For more details and actual state see mailing list and [http://wiki.contextgarden.net/User_talk:Zenlima Bug Layoutchange inside page while duplexmode].</div> = Table of Parameters = The first column is the name by which the variable is set in {{cmd|setuplayout}}. The second column is the name by which TeX stores the variable. This name is usually the same, but sometimes different; knowing it allows you to invoke it with code like <code>The paper's height is \the\paperheight.</code> Any remarks (usually a short description) are given in the third column. {| class=wikitable! \setuplayout[...] !! dimension !! Remarks|-| paperheight| {{cmd|paperheight}}| height of paper page|-| paperwidth| {{cmd|paperwidth}}| width of paper page|-| printpaperheight| {{cmd|printpaperheight}}| differs from paperheight when using [[Imposition]] (arranging)|-| printpaperwidth| {{cmd|printpaperwidth}}| differs from paperwidth when using [[Imposition]] (arranging)|-| topspace| {{cmd|topspace}}| above header: from top rim of paper to to top rim of header|-| backspace| {{cmd|backspace}}| from left rim of paper to left rim of main text area|-| height| {{cmd|makeupheight}}| sum of heights of text area, header and footer (plus distances)|-| width| {{cmd|makeupwidth}}| width of the main text area. {{cmd|makeupwidth}} is normally same as {{cmd|textwidth}}, but it can be different, for example in columns|-| top| {{cmd|topheight}}| height of the top area|-| topdistance| {{cmd|topdistance}}| between top and header|-| header| {{cmd|headerheight}}| height of header area|-| headerdistance| {{cmd|headerdistance}}| between header and text|-| textheight| {{cmd|textheight}}| height of text area|-| footerdistance| {{cmd|footerdistance}}| between text and footer|-| footer| {{cmd|footerheight}}| height of footer area|-| bottomdistance| {{cmd|bottomdistance}}| between footer and bottom|-| bottom| {{cmd|bottomheight}}| space below footer (but isn't calculated automatically)|-| bottomspace| {{cmd|bottomspace}}| space from bottom footer to bottom rim of paper|-| cutspace| {{cmd|cutspace}}| from right rim of paper to right rim of main text area|-| leftedge| {{cmd|leftedgewidth}}| from left rim of paper to left rim of left margin|-| leftedgedistance| {{cmd|leftedgedistance}}| between leftegde and left margin|-| leftmargin| {{cmd|leftmarginwidth}}| width of left margin (marginals space)|-| leftmargindistance| {{cmd|leftmargindistance}}| between left margin and text|-| textwidth| {{cmd|textwidth}}| width of text area. when columns are used, the value of {{cmd|textwidth}} can differ from {{cmd|makeupwidth}}|-| rightmargindistance| {{cmd|rightmargindistance}}| between text area and right margin|-| rightmargin| {{cmd|rightmarginwidth}}| width of right margin (marginals area)|-| rightedgedistance| {{cmd|rightedgedistance}}| between right margin and right edge|-| rightedge| {{cmd|rightedgewidth}}| from right margin to right rim of paper|-| horoffset| ?| bleed from left of paper|-| voroffset| ?| bleed from top of paper|}
'''Note:'''
*width=middle<codetexcode>
if cutspace == 0pt then
cutspace = backspace
end
makeupwidth = paperwidth- backspace -cutspace
</codetexcode> *width=fit<codetexcode>
if cutspace == 0pt then
cutspace = backspace
end
makeupwidth = makeupwidth - rightmargindistance-rightmarginwidth- rightedgedistance-rightedgewidth- scratchdimen
</codetexcode>
* otherwise:
<codetexcode>
makeupwidth=width
if cutspace == 0pt then
pass
end
</texcode>
(From {{src|page-lay.mkiv}}.)
