Changes

The simplest way to insert an image is to use: <texcode>\externalfigure[logo.pdf]</texcode> This command places the PDF image <tt>logo.pdf</tt> in a {{cmd|vbox}}; the width and height of the image are equal to the natural dimensions of the image. To set the width of the image to a specific size, say <tt>1cm</tt>, use: <texcode>\externalfigure[logo.pdf][width=1cm]</texcode> Similarly, to set the height of the image to a specific size, say <tt>2cm</tt>, use: <texcode>\externalfigure[logo.pdf][height=2cm]</texcode> If only the <tt>width</tt> or <tt>height</tt> of the image is specified, the other dimension is scaled appropriately to keep the aspect ratio. To include a specific page, say page 5, of a multi-page PDF file, use: <texcode>\externalfigure[logo.pdf][page=5]</texcode> These four variations cover the most common use cases. == File Formats == ConTeXt natively supports the image formats enumerated below. The image format is determined from the file extension (case insensitive). * '''Direct use of PDF''': File extension <tt>mypic.pdf</tt>* '''MPS''' (MetaPost output): File extension <tt>.mps</tt> or <tt>.&lt;digits&gt;</tt>* '''JPEG''': File extension <tt>.jpg</tt> or <tt>.jpeg</tt>* '''PNG''': File extension <tt>.png</tt>* '''JPEG 2000''': File extension <tt>.jp2</tt>* '''JBIG''' or '''JBIG2''': File extension <tt>.jbig</tt>, <tt>.jbig2</tt>, or <tt>.jb2</tt> An old page (2010), gives details on supported [[File Formats|file formats]] == Image Conversion == The image file formats listed in the previous section are the ones that may be embedded directly in a PDF. ConTeXt also supports a few other formats that are first converted to PDF using an external program. Of course, for such a conversion to work, the corresponding converter must be in the <tt>PATH</tt>. <table><tr class="odd"><td align="left">Format</td><td align="left">Extension</td><td align="left">Converter</td></tr><tr class="even"><td align="left"><strong>SVG</strong></td><td align="left"><code>.svg</code>, <code>.svgz</code></td><td align="left"><code>inkscape</code></td></tr><tr class="odd"><td align="left"><strong>EPS</strong></td><td align="left"><code>.eps</code>, <code>.ai</code></td><td align="left"><code>gs</code> (or <code>gswin32c</code> on Windows) from Ghostscript</td></tr><tr class="even"><td align="left"><strong>GIF</strong></td><td align="left"><code>.gif</code></td><td align="left"><code>gm convert</code> from GraphicsMagick</td></tr><tr class="odd"><td align="left"><strong>TIFF</strong></td><td align="left"><code>.tiff</code></td><td align="left"><code>gm convert</code> from GraphicsMagick</td></tr><tr class="even"><td align="left"><strong>BMP</strong></td><td align="left"><code>.bmp</code></td><td align="left"><code>gm convert</code> from GraphicsMagick</td></tr></table> The conversion generates a PDF file with prefix <tt>m_k_i_v_</tt> and a suffix <tt>.pdf</tt> added to the name of the original file. The result is cached, and the conversion is re-run if the timestamp of the original file is newer than that of the converted file. In LMTX, the file name contains a MD5 hash of the relevant source image parameters (resolution, dimensions, ...), e.g.:

Additional parametersIt is possible to change the converter used with the following code: 

\externalfigure[file startluacodelocal function downsampler(oldname, newname, resolution) if not resolution or reference name][keyresolution == "" then resolution =value50 end os.execute(string.format( 'gm convert -density %ix%i "%s" "%s"', resolution, resolution, oldname, keynewname) )end -- Set the PDF and default TIFF converters to the above function.figures.converters.tif.pdf =value, downsamplerfigures.converters.tif.default = downsampler-- Hint: This works also for jpg or png!\stopluacode \starttext % Substitute any TIFF here. \externalfigure[cow.tiff]\stoptext

* scale See also {{src|grph-inc.lua}} == ''scaling value''Interaction == * factor = maxBy default, fitthe interactive elements of the included PDF file are discarded. To enable the interactive elements of the included PDF file, broaduse* wfactor, hfactor <texcode>\externalfigure[filename.pdf][interaction= max, fit, broadyes]</texcode> For further reading, don''value''t forget [[Including pages from PDF documents]]. * width, height = ''dimension''= Image Directory == * frame = onBy default, off* presetConTeXt searches an image in the current directory, previewthe parent directory, repeatand the grand-parent directory. To search for images in other directories, object = yesfor example a <tt>./images</tt> subdirectory and <tt>/home/user/images</tt>, nouse:* display = ''file name''* type, method <texcode>\setupexternalfigures[directory= eps, mps, pdf, tif, png, jpg, mov{images, tex/home/user/images}]</texcode>

If only one dimension is givenNote: always use forward slashes (`/`) in path names, scaling is proportionalregardless of operating system.

<texcode>\setupexternalfigures[location=global]</texcode> To restore the default search behavior, use: <texcode>\setupexternalfigures[location={local,global}]</texcode> The ConTeXt looks distribution includes three sample images: <tt>cow.pdf</tt>, <tt>mill.png</tt>, and <tt>hacker.jpg</tt>, that are useful when creating minimum working examples to illustrate a bug on the mailing list. These images are located in the actual <tt>TEXMF</tt> directory. To add the <tt>TEXMF</tt> directory to the image search path, use: <texcode>\setupexternalfigures[location={local,global,default}]</texcode> The above alternative adds the ''entire'' <tt>TEXMF</tt> directory to the search path, ''including the'' <tt>doc/</tt> ''directory!'' Therefore, one needs to be extremely careful when using this option. In fact, I would advise not using <tt>location=default</tt> except for illustrative minimal working examples. == Remote Images == The {{cmd|externalfigure}} command supports reading files from web servers, for example: <texcode>\externalfigure[http://tug.org/images/logobw.jpg]</texcode>When a document containing a remote file is compiled for the first time, the remote file is downloaded from the server and parent stored in the LuaTeX cache directory plus those given . This cached file is used during subsequent runs. Normally, the remote image is downloaded again if the image in the cache is older than 1 day. To change this threshold to, for example, 2 minutes (120 seconds), either add <texcode>\enabledirectives[schemes.threshold=120]</texcode> in the ConTeXt file, or compile the ConTeXt file using the command <pre>context --directives=schemes.threshold=120 <em>filename</em></pre>The variable <tt>texmfschemes.cnfthreshold</tt> is global, so changing its value affects all other macros like <tt>\input</tt>, <tt>\usemodule</tt>, <tt>\component</tt>, etc. that load remote files. === HTTP Proxy === To use an http proxy for fetching images, the http variable ([http://w3.impa.br/~diego/software/luasocket/http.html LuaSocket]) has to be set up as follows: <texcode>\ctxlua{http = require("socket.http"); http.PROXY = "http://proxy.example.com:3128"}</texcode> Replace `http://proxy.example.com:3128` with the proxy URL. To disable the proxy again: <texcode>\ctxlua{http = require("socket.http"); http.PROXY = nil}</texcode> === HTTPS === For self-signed certificates retrieved over HTTPS, the `curl` command requires a flag to retrieve insecure files, which is not enabled by default. Open `tex/texmf-context/tex/context/base/mkiv/data-sch.lua` to find:

\setupexternalfigures[directorylocal function runcurl(name,cachename) -- we use sockets instead or the curl library when possible local command ={"curl --silent --create-dirs --output " ../pictures}]cachename .. " " .. name os.spawn(command)end

'''Referenced Pictures''' Declaration of all used pictures in your environment, project Insert the `-k` or header file is better than direct use of file names in your code.`--insecure` option:

\useexternalfigure[reference local command = "curl --insecure --silent --create-dirs --output " .. cachename .. " " .. name][file name][options]

Same options == Inline Images == Embedding inline images via base64 encoding using the memstream function (supports pdf and png streams): <texcode>\startluacodelocal cow = mime.unb64("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")figures.setmemstream("inline",cow)context.externalfigure({"memstream:///inline"})\stopluacode</texcode> == Custom Processing == The following example changes the width of images based on file name extensions: <texcode>\setupexternalfigures[ location={local,global,default}, width=\textwidth]\defineexternalfigure[svg][width=1cm]\defineexternalfigure[jpg][width=2cm]\defineexternalfigure[png][width=4cm] % Won't be applied because there's no process action.% Default (\textwidth) is used, as defined above. You can even inherit them like this\defineexternalfigure[pdf][width=6cm] \starttexdefinition includegraphics #1 \splitfilename{#1}  \processaction[\splitofftype][ jpg=>{\externalfigure[#1][jpg]}, png=>{\externalfigure[#1][png]}, svg=>{\externalfigure[#1][svg][conversion=mp]}, default=>{\externalfigure[#1]}, unknown=>{\externalfigure[#1]} ]\stoptexdefinition \starttext \includegraphics{kitten.jpg} \includegraphics{mill.png} \includegraphics{cow.pdf} \includegraphics{tiger.svg}\stoptext</texcode> It's also possible to use {{cmd|setfigureconversion}} to instruct ConTeXt to use MetaPost when rendering SVG files. Such as: <texcode>\setfigureconversion[svg][mp] \starttext \externalfigure[kitten.jpg][width=2cm] \externalfigure[mill.png] [width=4cm] \externalfigure[cow.pdf] [width=6cm] \externalfigure[tiger.svg] [width=1cm]\stoptext</texcode> = Transformations = == Image Scaling == {{ note | If either <tt>width</tt> or <tt>height</tt> is specified, then the <tt>scale</tt> key has no effect. }}

Somewhere To scale an image use the <tt>scale</tt> key: <tt>scale=1000</tt> corresponds to the original dimensions of the image, <tt>scale=500</tt> scales the image to 50% of the original size, <tt>scale=1500</tt> scales the images to 150% of the original size, and so on. For example: <texcode>\externalfigure[logo.pdf][scale=500]</texcode> scales the image to 50% of its size. Use <tt>\setupexternalfigures</tt> to set the scale of all images. For example, to scale all images to be twice their original size, use: <texcode>\setupexternalfigures[scale=2000]</texcode> In addition, the <tt>xscale</tt> and <tt>yscale</tt> keys scale the image in only one dimension. For example: <texcode>\externalfigure[logo.pdf][xscale=500]\externalfigure[logo.pdf][yscale=500]</texcode> Scaling changes the visible size of a picture, but not the data or file size. If you want to reduce your file size by decreasing image resolution, see [[Downsampling]]. == Image Dimension Restriction == ConTeXt can limit included images to particular dimensions. For example, to ensure that an included image is not more than <tt>0.2\textwidth</tt>: <texcode>\externalfigure[logo.pdf][maxwidth=0.2\textwidth]</texcode> If <tt>maxwidth</tt> is specified and the width of the image is less than <tt>maxwidth</tt>, then the image is not scaled; if the width of the image is greater than <tt>maxwidth</tt>, then the width is restricted to <tt>maxwidth</tt> and the height is scaled appropriately to maintain the original aspect ratio. The option <tt>maxheight</tt> is analogous to <tt>maxwidth</tt>, for checking the height of the image. For example, to ensure that figures do not overflow the text there's ~area, one may set: <texcode>\setupexternalfigures [maxwidth=\textwidth, maxheight=0.8\textheight]</texcode> == Image Rotation == Rotate included images by 90°, 180°, or 270° using the <tt>orientation</tt> key. For example: <texcode>\externalfigure[logo.pdf][orientation=90]</texcode> To rotate by an arbitrary angle, use the {{cmd|rotate}} command. For example: <texcode>\rotate[rotation=45]{\externalfigure[logo.pdf]}</texcode> == Image Mirroring == To mirror (flip) an image, use the generic {{cmd|mirror}} command. For example, to mirror horizontally: <texcode>\mirror{\externalfigure[logo.pdf]}</texcode> To mirror vertically, first rotate the image by 180° and then mirror it: <texcode>\mirror{\externalfigure[logo.pdf][orientation=180]}</texcode> == Image Clipping == Clip an image using the generic {{cmd|clip}} command. For example, to clip the original image to a <tt>1cm x 2cm</tt> rectangle at an offset of <tt>(3mm,5mm)</tt> from the top left corner: <texcode>\clip[width=1cm, height=2cm, hoffset=3mm, voffset=5mm] {\externalfigure[logo.pdf]}</texcode> As another example, this cuts the image into a <tt>3x3</tt> pieces and then outputs the <tt>(2,2)</tt> piece: <texcode>\clip[nx=3,ny=3,x=2,y=2] {\externalfigure[myonelogo.pdf]}</texcode>  In PDF files, it is possible to specify different size information in PDF headers MediaBox, TrimBox, CropBox, and ArtBox.To clip to one of these sizes, use <texcode>\externalfigure[logo.pdf][size=art]</texcode> Other options are: `none` (detault), `media` for MediaBox, `crop` for CropBox, `trim` for TrimBox, and `art` for ArtBox. = Troubleshooting = This section describes various tips for discovering problems with embedded images. == Visualize Bounding Box == If, for instance, the image is taking more space than expected, it can be useful to visualize the bounding box of the image. To do this: <texcode>\externalfigure[logo.pdf][frame=on]</texcode> ConTeXt includes a Perl script <tt>pdftrimwhite</tt> that removes extra white space at the borders of a PDF file. To run this script: <pre>mtxrun --script pdftrimwhite [flags] input output</pre> The most important flag is <tt>--offset=dimen</tt>, which keeps some extra space around the trimmed image. Similar functionality is provided by another Perl script, <tt>pdfcrop</tt>, that is included in most TeX distributions. == Diagnostic Tracking == To get diagnostic information about image inclusion, enable the tracker <tt>graphics.locating</tt> by editing the ConTeXt file and adding: <texcode>\enabletrackers[graphics.locating]</texcode> Alternatively, compile the ConTeXt file using: <texcode>context --trackers=graphics.locating filename</texcode> The tracker writes diagnostics to the console. Suppose we use <tt>\externalfigure[somefile.pdf]</tt> and ConTeXt finds the file in the current search path; then the following information is printed on the console: <pre>graphics &gt; inclusion &gt; locations: local,globalgraphics &gt; inclusion &gt; path list: . .. ../..graphics &gt; inclusion &gt; strategy: forced format pdfgraphics &gt; inclusion &gt; found: somefile.pdf -&gt; somefile.pdfgraphics &gt; inclusion &gt; format natively supported by backend: pdf</pre>If the file <tt>somefile.pdf</tt> is not found in the current search path, then the following information is printed on the console (even if the <tt>graphics.locating</tt> tracker is not set): <pre>graphics &gt; inclusion &gt; strategy: forced format pdfgraphics &gt; inclusion &gt; not found: somefile.pdfgraphics &gt; inclusion &gt; not found: ./somefile.pdfgraphics &gt; inclusion &gt; not found: ../somefile.pdfgraphics &gt; inclusion &gt; not found: ../../somefile.pdfgraphics &gt; inclusion &gt; not found: images/somefile.pdfgraphics &gt; inclusion &gt; not found: /home/user/images/somefile.pdfgraphics &gt; inclusion &gt; format not supported: </pre>and a placeholder gray box is put in the output: <context> </context> Sometimes, one would rather use a placeholder image for an image that is yet to be made. In such cases, load the MP library <tt>dum</tt> via: <texcode>\useMPlibrary[dum]</texcode> Then, whenever an image file is not found in the current search path, a random MetaPost image is shown in the output. <context> </context> == Leading Paragraph == Using {{cmd|externalfigure}}<tt>[...]</tt> at the beginning of a paragraph results in a line break after the image. This is because {{cmd|externalfigure}} is a {{cmd|vbox}} and when a {{cmd|vbox}} is encountered at (what appears to be) the beginning of a paragraph, it remains in vertical mode. To prevent this, add {{cmd|dontleavehmode}} before {{cmd|externalfigure}}, like this: <texcode>\dontleavehmode\externalfigure[...] ... first line ...</texcode> = Multiple Image Settings = == Image Settings == Suppose your document contains many side-by-side images, and you want all of these images to be of the same size. In addition, you want to control the size of all images by changing only one setup. To do this, you can use the {{cmd|defineexternalfigure}} macro, which defines a named collection of image settings. For example, to define a collection where the image width is <tt>3cm</tt>, use: <texcode>\defineexternalfigure[logo-settings] [width=3cm]</texcode> And then to use these settings in an image, use: <texcode>\externalfigure[group.pdf][logo-settings]</texcode> or, if you want to add or override settings, use: <texcode>\externalfigure[group.pdf][logo-settings] [height=2cm]</texcode> == Image Labels ==

'''Pictures Suppose your document contains an image at multiple locations; all of these images are to be of the same size, which is not necessarily the same as [[floating objects]]'''the natural size of the image. Furthermore, as before, you want to set the size of all the images by changing only one setup. Here, the macro to use is {{cmd|useexternalfigure}}, which defines a symbolic label for inserting an image plus settings. For example:

Floats are numbered and placed by ConTeXt, and they can get a caption<texcode>\useexternalfigure[mylogo] [logo.pdf][width=2cm]</texcode>

defines an image label <prett>\placeexternalfigure[place]{My Caption}{\externalfigure[myone]}mylogo</prett> that maps to the image file <tt>logo.pdf</tt>and sets its width to <tt>place2cm</tt> is one of. This image label may be used as a normal image filename:left, right, here, top, bottom, inleft, inright, inmargin, margin, page, opposite, always, force, tall

You get ''no'' caption with </tt>none</tt>.You get a table of figures with <tttexcode>\showexternalfiguresexternalfigure[alternative=amylogo]</tttexcode>. Alternatives (styles) a, b and c are predefined.

'''Moviesaren'''t recognized automatically yet; they must be delcared verbosely:

Movies aren't recognized automatically yet, you need a more verbose declaration:<pretexcode>

</pretexcode> 

You find more about interactive Elements in [http://www.pragma-ade.comnl/general/manuals/mwidgetsmwidget-s.pdf mwidgetsmwidget-s.pdf] Unfortunately, people who are fond of Linux cannot embed movies because the Linux release of acroread doesn't support that. An alternative solution consists in launching your prefered player (MPlayer) from acroread: <texcode>\defineprogram[dummy.mpeg][dummy.mpeg.sh] \starttext\goto{\externalfigure[dummy-preview][width=0.48\textwidth]}[program(dummy.mpeg{})]\stoptext</texcode> The script dummy.mpeg.sh should contain:<pre><nowiki>FILE=$(basename "$0"); mplayer -fs -zoom ${FILE/.sh/}</nowiki></pre>  [[Category:Graphics]]